The Geometry of Noise: Why Diffusion Models Don't Need Noise Conditioning
Abstract
Generative models typically rely on explicitly tracking the noise level to guide the sampling process. However, recent autonomous models successfully generate data using a single, time-invariant vector field that operates without explicit noise conditioning. This raises a fundamental paradox: what landscape are these networks actually optimizing when the noise level is treated as a random variable, and how can a bounded model remain stable near the data manifold where gradients typically diverge? We resolve this paradox by showing that autonomous generation is not merely ``blind’’ denoising, but a specific form of Riemannian gradient flow on the Marginal Energy landscape, defined by integrating out the unknown noise levels. Through a novel relative energy decomposition, we demonstrate that while the raw Marginal Energy contains a severe geometric singularity normal to the data manifold, the learned field implicitly incorporates a local conformal metric. This metric perfectly preconditions the singularity, turning an infinitely deep potential well into a stable attractor. Finally, we establish strict structural stability conditions for autonomous sampling. We prove that standard noise-prediction parameterizations structurally fail due to an inherent high gain amplification of the estimation errors. In contrast, velocity-based models are inherently stable.