From Review to Authorization: Key-Isolated Threshold Signing for LLM Agents

Autonomous LLM agents can turn untrusted content into effectful actions such as payments and permission changes. If the same process interprets this content and controls a reusable signing credential, prompt injection can cross the judgment boundary and reach execution authority. We present KITA, a review-to-authorization architecture that keeps the user’s personal secret signing key and every threshold signing-key share outside all LLM processes. Under threshold-signature unforgeability and our system assumptions, compromising the proposer and fewer than t reviewer–signer domains cannot produce a valid authorization for a new action without signing contributions from t distinct domains. Thus, any such authorization includes a share from an uncompromised domain, bound to the canonical action and released only after authenticated reviewer approval. This establishes execution-bound authorization integrity. We implement the complete reviewer-to-executor path with a structured-output LLM adapter and threshold BLS. Six system tests validate quorum gating and message binding at this interface, while cryptographic microbenchmarks measure the online signing path and its scaling behavior.