An Efficient One-Class SVM for Novelty Detection in IoT

One-Class Support Vector Machines (OCSVM) are a state-of-the-art approach for novelty detection, due to their flexibility in fitting complex nonlinear boundaries between normal and novel data. However, conventional OCSVMs can introduce prohibitive memory and computational overhead at detection time. This work designs, implements and evaluates an efficient OCSVM for such practical settings. We extend Nystr\"om and (Gaussian) Sketching approaches to OCSVM, combining these methods with clustering and Gaussian mixture models to achieve 15-30x speedup in prediction time and 30-40x reduction in memory requirements, without sacrificing detection accuracy.