Models for simple cells are now well established; how can the field progress beyond them? The goal of the proposed workshop is to assess the success of computational models for cortical processing based on probabilistic models and to suggest new directions for future research. Issues to be discussed include: How can we bridge the gap between objects and Gabors? What experimental results should we attempt to model? Are current comparisons with physiology at all relevant? What experimental results would we like to have? What aspects of visual input are relevant for modeling (eye movements, head movements, color etc.)? How relevant is time? We will review these important questions through both theoretical and experimental lenses. We have invited a panel of experimentalists that will drive the discussion, with the hope of inspiring new research directions of greater general neuroscientific interest. We encourage poster submissions from participants; see web site for details.