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Poster
On the Equivalence between Neural Network and Support Vector Machine
Yilan Chen · Wei Huang · Lam Nguyen · Tsui-Wei Weng

Thu Dec 09 04:30 PM -- 06:00 PM (PST) @ Virtual
in Poster Session 7 »
Recent research shows that the dynamics of an infinitely wide neural network (NN) trained by gradient descent can be characterized by Neural Tangent Kernel (NTK) \citep{jacot2018neural}. Under the squared loss, the infinite-width NN trained by gradient descent with an infinitely small learning rate is equivalent to kernel regression with NTK \citep{arora2019exact}. However, the equivalence is only known for ridge regression currently \citep{arora2019harnessing}, while the equivalence between NN and other kernel machines (KMs), e.g. support vector machine (SVM), remains unknown. Therefore, in this work, we propose to establish the equivalence between NN and SVM, and specifically, the infinitely wide NN trained by soft margin loss and the standard soft margin SVM with NTK trained by subgradient descent. Our main theoretical results include establishing the equivalence between NN and a broad family of $\ell_2$ regularized KMs with finite-width bounds, which cannot be handled by prior work, and showing that every finite-width NN trained by such regularized loss functions is approximately a KM. Furthermore, we demonstrate our theory can enable three practical applications, including (i) \textit{non-vacuous} generalization bound of NN via the corresponding KM; (ii) \textit{nontrivial} robustness certificate for the infinite-width NN (while existing robustness verification methods would provide vacuous bounds); (iii) intrinsically more robust infinite-width NNs than those from previous kernel regression.
Keywords: Theory · Deep Learning · Optimization · Robustness

Author Information

Yilan Chen (University of California, San Diego)
Wei Huang (University of Technology Sydney)

32/255-271 Anzac Parade Kingsford NSW 2032

Lam Nguyen (IBM Research, Thomas J. Watson Research Center)
Tsui-Wei Weng (MIT)

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